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Oseltamivir

[Oseltamivir photo]

KEY POINTS

  • Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is a neuraminidase inhibitor that works by blocking influenza neuraminidase, which is an enzyme involved in viral replication
  • Used for prophylaxis or treatment of influenza virus A or B
    •  Cross-resistance has been observed amongst the neuraminidase inhibitors and can vary by virus strain
  • Adjust doses for renal function
  • Typical prophylaxis regimen in adults is 75mg daily for 7 or 10 days
    • For institutional outbreaks may be given for a greater duration
    • Should be started within 48 hours of contact with infected person
  • Typic treatment regimen in adults is 75mg twice daily for 5 days
    • In severe or complicated infections may be given for a greater duration
    • Should be started within 48 hours of symptom onset
  • Weight-based dosing is used in pediatrics
  • Dosing in critically ill or obese patients is still debated, but it seems dosage adjustments for either of these populations is unnecessary
  • Only available oral in the United States as capsule or solution
  • Some side effects to beware includes: neuropsychiatric events, headache, vomiting, and nausea
  • Pregnancy category C

RESOURCES

  • Oseltamivir Package Insert
  • CDC Guidance on the Use of Influenza Antiviral Agents
  • CDC Tables on the Recommended Dosage and Duration of Influenza Antiviral Medications for Treatment or Chemoprophylaxis
  • Antimicrobial stewardship for hospitalized patients with viral respiratory tract infections (2017)
  • Global update on the susceptibility of human influenza viruses to neuraminidase inhibitors, 2013-2014 (2015)
  • Influenza neuraminidase inhibitors: antiviral action and mechanisms of resistance (2013)

Free Antibiotic Cheat Sheet

Study Guide

  • Pharmacotherapy Study Guide
  • Acyclovir
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  • Amikacin
  • Aminoglycosides
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  • Colistin (colistimethate)
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  • Flucytosine
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  • Gentamicin
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  • Ribavirin
  • Rifabutin
  • Rifampin
  • Secnidazole
  • Sofosbuvir/ velpatasvir/ voxilaprevir
  • Sulfadiazine
  • Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim (Bactrim)
  • Tedizolid
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  • Tobramycin
  • Tocilizumab
  • Valacyclovir
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  • Vancomycin
  • Voriconazole
  • Zidovudine
  • Zoster vaccine recombinant, adjuvanted (Shingrix)

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