IDStewardship

  • Home
  • Articles
  • LEARN ANTIBIOTICS
  • Study Guide
  • Resources
  • Q&A
  • #ASPchat
  • Contributors
  • About

Amoxicillin

Amoxicillin

KEY POINTS

  • Amoxicillin (Amoxil) is an amino-penicillin and beta-lactam antibiotic that works by inhibiting the bacterial cell wall in susceptible organisms
    • Amoxicillin’s injectable counterpart is ampicillin (which also comes oral)
  • Available as an oral pill or oral suspension
    • The oral suspension shown above is good for pediatrics and tastes like bubble gum
  • Has activity versus Gram positives, Gram negatives and anaerobes
    • Does not work against penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
      • Most MSSA is penicillin-resistant
    • A good drug for beta-hemolytic Streptococci (e.g., Strep. pyogenes & Strep. agalactiae)
    • Beware resistance with alpha-hemolytic Streptococci (e.g., Strep. pneumoniae & Viridans Streptococci)
    • Aminopenicillins are widely considered the drugs of choice for susceptible Enterococci
    • Many Gram negative anaerobes are resistant to amoxicillin alone, add beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid aka clavulanate to expand this coverage and hit susceptible Bacteroides fragilis
      • Note amoxicillin-clavulanic acid is brand name Augmentin
      • Amox-clav has activity versus MSSA, but amoxicillin alone only has activity against penicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus
  • Requires dosage adjustment for renal insufficiency
  • In pediatric patients, “regular-dose amoxicillin” is 40-45 mg/kg/day and “high-dose amoxicillin” is 80-90 mg/kg/day
  • Beware hypersensitivity reaction and anaphylaxis
    • Note that exposure to aminopenicillins during an Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) infection can result in a non-allergic rash that can physically appear similar to an IgE-mediate allergic reaction
      • This has led to inappropriate penicillin allergy labels, especially in children
      • Penicillin skin testing can assist in ruling out most unclear penicillin allergy labels

RESOURCES

  • Amoxicillin Package Insert
  • 2015 CDC STD Guideline
  • Acute Otitis Media Guideline (AAP 2013)
  • IDSA Practice Guidelines
  • Surgical Prophylaxis Guidelines


 

Free Antibiotic Cheat Sheet

Study Guide

  • Pharmacotherapy Study Guide
  • Acyclovir
  • Albendazole
  • Amikacin
  • Aminoglycosides
  • Amphotericin B
  • Amoxicillin
  • Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid
  • Ampicillin
  • Ampicillin-sulbactam
  • Anidulafungin
  • Artesunate
  • Atovaquone
  • Azithromycin
  • Aztreonam
  • Bacitracin
  • Baloxavir marboxyl (Xofluza)
  • Bamlanivimab
  • Baricitinib
  • Bezlotoxumab
  • Casirivimab and Imdevimab
  • Caspofungin
  • Cefazolin
  • Cefepime
  • Cefiderocol
  • Ceftaroline
  • Ceftazidime
  • Ceftazidime-avibactam
  • Ceftolozane-Tazobactam
  • Ceftriaxone
  • Cefoxitin
  • Cephalexin
  • Ciprofloxacin
  • Clarithromycin
  • Clindamycin
  • Colistin (colistimethate)
  • Cycloserine
  • Dalbavancin
  • Daptomycin
  • Delafloxacin
  • Dicloxacillin
  • Doripenem
  • Doxycycline
  • Elbasvir/ grazoprevir
  • Eravacycline
  • Ertapenem
  • Erythromycin
  • Famciclovir
  • Fidaxomicin
  • Fluconazole
  • Flucytosine
  • Foscarnet
  • Fosfomycin
  • Ganciclovir
  • Gentamicin
  • Glecaprevir/ Pibrentasvir
  • Imipenem-cilastatin
  • Imipenem-cilastatin-relebactam
  • Isavuconazole
  • Itraconazole
  • Ivermectin
  • Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir
  • Lefamulin
  • Letermovir
  • Levofloxacin
  • Linezolid
  • Meropenem
  • Meropenem-vaborbactam
  • Metronidazole
  • Methenamine
  • Micafungin
  • Minocycline
  • Moxifloxacin
  • Nafcillin
  • Nitrofurantoin
  • Omadacycline
  • Oritavancin
  • Oseltamivir
  • Oxacillin
  • Penicillin
  • Penicillin Skin Test
  • Phenazopyridine
  • Piperacillin-tazobactam
  • Plazomicin
  • Polymyxin B
  • Posaconazole
  • Quinupristin-dalfopristin
  • Remdesivir
  • Ribavirin
  • Rifabutin
  • Rifampin
  • Secnidazole
  • Sofosbuvir/ velpatasvir/ voxilaprevir
  • Sulfadiazine
  • Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim (Bactrim)
  • Tedizolid
  • Telavancin
  • Tigecycline
  • Tobramycin
  • Tocilizumab
  • Valacyclovir
  • Valganciclovir
  • Vancomycin
  • Voriconazole
  • Zidovudine
  • Zoster vaccine recombinant, adjuvanted (Shingrix)

Recent

  • Five Challenges With Creating And Managing Institutional Guidelines For Infectious Diseases
  • Three Resources Pharmacists Can Use To Improve Their Antimicrobial Stewardship Research Skills
  • A Comparison Of Bamlanivimab Versus Bamlanivimab-Etesevimab
  • Top 10 Most Viewed IDstewardship Articles During the COVID-19 Pandemic
  • Mock Drug Names: A Fun Way To Help Learn Pharmacy

Search

Copyright 2016-2020 By Charlie Rose, LLC © · IDStewardship.com · Copyright · Privacy Policy · Terms · Contact