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ICYMI: Top ID/Stewardship Journal Articles Trending From April 2019

This article identifies new infectious diseases & antimicrobial stewardship literature released in April of 2019. Hot off the press and put together here in one place!



Written By: Bassam Ghanem, Pharm.D., MS, BCPS

Edited By: Timothy P. Gauthier, Pharm.D., BCPS-AQ ID


[Last updated: 5 May 2019]

In this monthly column two pharmacists who utilize Twitter to stay current with antimicrobial stewardship literature (@ABsteward [B.G.] & @IDstewardship [T.G.]) identify some of the top hot off the press articles recently published.

The following are some of the new publications we found most interesting or noteworthy that were released in April of 2019…

1. Association of duration and type of surgical prophylaxis with antimicrobial-associated adverse events | JAMA Surgery

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/article-abstract/2731307

This large multicenter, national retrospective cohort found that increasing duration of antimicrobial prophylaxis was associated with higher odds of acute kidney injury and C. difficile infection in a duration-dependent fashion and did not lead to additional SSI reduction.

2. Two weeks versus four weeks of antibiotic therapy after surgical drainage for native joint bacterial arthritis: a prospective, randomised, non-inferiority trial  | Ann Rheum Dis

https://ard.bmj.com/content/early/2019/04/15/annrheumdis-2019-215116

This randomized controlled trial found that 2 weeks of targeted antibiotic therapy is not inferior to 4 weeks in adult patients who have undergone drainage of native joint bacterial arthritis in regards to cure rate, adverse events or sequelae and leads to a significantly shorter hospital stay.

3. Effect of carbapenem resistance on outcomes of bloodstream infection caused by Enterobacteriaceae in low-income and middle-income countries (PANORAMA): a multinational prospective cohort study | Lancet ID

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309918307928

This multinational prospective cohort study found that carbapenem resistance is associated with increased length of hospital stay and mortality in patients with bloodstream infections in low-income and middle-income countries.

4. Defining the breakpoint duration of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia predictive of poor outcomes | CID

https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/cid/ciz257/5428115?redirectedFrom=fulltext

This was a multicenter, prospective, observational study of adult, hospitalized patients with Staph. aureus bacteremia. The study found that the choice of antibiotic therapy did not significantly affect bacteremia duration however every continued day of bacteremia was associated with relative risk of death of 1.16 with significant increase in risk starting at 3 days as determined by ROC analysis.

5. Antimicrobial resistance or delayed appropriate therapy does one influence outcomes more than the other among patients with serious infections due to carbapenem-resistant versus carbapenem-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae? | OFID

https://academic.oup.com/ofid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ofid/ofz194/5477302

This large US hospital database which identified all admissions over 3 years with evidence of serious Enterobacteriaceae infection found that delayed appropriate therapy is a more important driver of outcomes than carbapenem resistance, although the two factors are somewhat synergistic.

6. Association of Increased Colony-Count Threshold for Urinary Pathogens in Hospitalized Patients With Antimicrobial Treatment | JAMA

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/article-abstract/2731706

At a single acute care hospital raising the threshold from 10^4 CFU/mL or greater to 10^5 CFU/mL for working up potential uropathogens in urine cultures  led to a reduction in antimicrobial prescribing for asymptomatic bacteriuria and candiduria without significantly changing patient outcomes.



Additional New & Notable Publications

Randomized Trial of Ceftazidime-Avibactam vs Meropenem for Treatment of Hospital-Acquired and Ventilator-Associated Bacterial Pneumonia (REPROVE): Analyses per US FDA Specified End Points | OFID

Definitions and guidelines for research on antibiotic persistence | Nature Review Microbiology

Pharmacokinetics of Caspofungin in Critically Ill Patients in Relation to Liver Dysfunction: Differential Impact of Plasma Albumin and Bilirubin Levels | AAC

A survey of infectious diseases and microbiology clinicians in Australia and New Zealand about the management of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia | CID

β-Lactam antibiotics versus Vancomycin for the Early Treatment of Enterococcal Bacteraemia: a Retrospective Cohort Study | IJAA

Host immune markers distinguish C. difficile infection from asymptomatic carriage and non-C. difficile diarrhea | CID

On- and off-label utilization of dalbavancin and oritavancin for Gram-positive infections | JAC

Comparative performance of urinary biomarkers for vancomycin induced kidney injury according to timeline of injury | AAC

Predictors and variability of antibiotic prescribing amongst family physicians | JAC

Predictors of Clostridioides difficile recurrence across a national cohort of veterans in outpatient, acute, and long-term care settings | AJHP

Antimicrobial use in UK long-term care facilities: results of a point prevalence survey | JAC

Rates, Predictors and Mortality of Community-Onset Bloodstream Infections due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis | CMI

A Decade On: Systematic Review of ClinicalTrials.gov Infectious Disease Trials, 2007-2017 | OFID

Factors associated with successful completion of outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy (OPAT): a 10-year review from a large West London service | IJAA

Reassessing the dosing of cefoxitin prophylaxis during major abdominal surgery: insights from microdialysis and population pharmacokinetic modelling | JAC

Warning: allergic to penicillin: association between penicillin allergy status in 2.3 million NHS general practice electronic health records, antibiotic prescribing and health outcomes | JAC

Impact of Reported β-Lactam Allergy on Management of Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infections | JPP

Implementation of antibiotic stewardship programmes in French ICUs in 2018: a nationwide cross-sectional survey | JAC

A Multidisciplinary Approach to Incorporate Bedside Nurses into Antimicrobial Stewardship and Infection Prevention | Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf

Efficacy of combination therapy versus monotherapy in the treatment of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia pneumonia | JAC

Surgical site infection risk following cesarean deliveries covered by Medicaid or private insurance | ICHE

Hardwiring diagnostic stewardship using electronic ordering restrictions for gastrointestinal pathogen testing | ICHE

Oral vancomycin prophylaxis during systemic antibiotic exposure to prevent Clostridiodes difficile infection relapses | ICHE

Chlorhexidine for meatal cleaning in reducing catheter-associated urinary tract infections: a multicentre stepped-wedge randomised controlled trial | Lancet ID

Test stewardship, frequency and fidelity: Impact on reported hospital-onset Clostridioides difficile | ICHE

The role of electronic health record and add-on clinical decision support systems to enhance antimicrobial stewardship programs | ICHE

Public health importance of invasive methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus infections surveillance in eight US counties, 2016 | CID

A nonlinear time-series analysis approach to identify thresholds in associations between population antibiotic use and rates of resistance | Nature Micro

Guideline-Based Clinical Assessment Versus Procalcitonin-Guided Antibiotic Use in Pneumonia: A Pragmatic Randomized Trial | Annals of Emergency Medicine

Creation and Assessment of a Clinical Predictive Model for Candidemia in Patients with Candiduria | Mycosis

Use of continuous infusion ceftolozane-tazobactam with therapeutic drug monitoring in a patient with cystic fibrosis | AJHP

From OPAT to COpAT: implications of the OVIVA study for ambulatory management of bone and joint infection | JAC

Opioids and Infectious Diseases: A Converging Public Health Crisis | JID

Current options for the treatment of infections due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in different groups of patients | CMI

Understanding and Addressing CLSI Breakpoint Revisions – A Primer for Clinical Laboratories | JCM

The history of antibiotic treatment of osteomyelitis| OFID

Shifting Gears: The Future of Polymyxin Antibiotics | Antibiotics

Sepsis and antimicrobial stewardship: two sides of the same coin | BMJ Quality & Safety


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Filed Under: Infectious Diseases & Antimicrobial Stewardship

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