ICYMI: Top ID/Stewardship Journal Articles Released In May 2019

This article provides a collection of new infectious diseases & antimicrobial stewardship literature published in May of 2019. Hot off the press, many of these have been released e-pub only. We put these noteworthy publications together here in one place for your convenience!

Written By: Bassam Ghanem, Pharm.D., MS, BCPS

Edited By: Timothy P. Gauthier, Pharm.D., BCPS-AQ ID

[Last updated: 2 June 2019]

In this monthly column two pharmacists who utilize Twitter to stay current with antimicrobial stewardship literature (@ABsteward [B.G.] & @IDstewardship [T.G.]) identify some of the top hot off the press articles recently published.

The following are some of the new publications we found most interesting or noteworthy that were released in May of 2019…

1. Gentamicin compared with ceftriaxone for the treatment of gonorrhoea (G-ToG): a randomised non-inferiority trial | Lancet

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673618328174

G-ToG RCT found that gentamicin did not reach the non-inferiority margin compared to ceftriaxone for the treatment of gonorrhoea, with both groups also given a single dose of azithromycin by mouth.

2. Risk for Tympanic Membrane Perforation after Quinolone Ear Drops for Acute Otitis Externa | CID

https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/cid/ciz345/5482480?redirectedFrom=fulltext

This large cohort study found that the use of quinolone ear drops was associated with increased risk for tympanic membrane perforation compared with neomycin plus hydrocortisone.

3. Prophylactic antibiotics in the prevention of infection after operative vaginal delivery (ANODE): a multicentre randomised controlled trial | Lancet

ANODE trial showed that a single prophylactic dose of intravenous amoxicillin and clavulanic acid a median of 3 h after operative vaginal delivery halved maternal infection rate and reduce overall antibiotic use.

4. No Clinical Benefit to Treating Male Urinary Tract Infection Longer than Seven Days: An Outpatient Database Study | OFID

https://academic.oup.com/ofid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ofid/ofz216/5486159

This multi-clinic study concluded that men with UTI without evidence of complicating conditions do not need to be treated for longer than 7 days.

5. Antibiotic treatment versus no treatment for asymptomatic bacteriuria in kidney transplant recipients: a multicenter randomized trial | OFID

https://academic.oup.com/ofid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ofid/ofz243/5494787

This RCT found that antibiotic treatment of ASB did not prevent acute graft pyelonephritis in kidney transplant recipients and may increase antibiotic resistance.

6. Four versus six weeks of antibiotic therapy for osteoarticular infections after implant removal: a randomized trial | JAC

https://academic.oup.com/jac/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/jac/dkz202/5491482?redirectedFrom=fulltext

This RCT found no statistically significant difference in the rates of clinical or microbiological remission between patients randomized to only 4 compared with 6 weeks of systemic antibiotic therapy following removal of an infected osteoarticular implant.

7. Beta-Lactam/Beta-Lactamase Inhibitor Therapy for Potential AmpC-Producing Organisms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis | OFID

https://academic.oup.com/ofid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ofid/ofz248/5498096?searchresult=1

This systematic review and meta-analysis found no significant difference in 30-day mortality between beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors and carbapenems in the treatment of bloodstream infections with AmpC-Producing pathogens.

8. Assessment of the Appropriateness of Antibiotic Prescriptions for Infection Prophylaxis Before Dental Procedures, 2011 to 2015 | JAMA

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2734798

This large cohort study found that more than 80% of antibiotic prophylaxis prescriptions before dental procedures are unnecessary.