ICYMI: Infectious Diseases & Antimicrobial Stewardship Journal Articles Hot Off The Press In February 2019

This article identifies new infectious diseases & antimicrobial stewardship literature released in February 2019. Hot off the press and put together here in one place!

Written By: Bassam Ghanem, Pharm.D., MS, BCPS

Edited By: Timothy P. Gauthier, Pharm.D., BCPS-AQ ID

[Last updated: 4 March 2019]

In this monthly column two pharmacists who utilize Twitter to stay current with antimicrobial stewardship literature (@ABsteward [B.G.] & @IDstewardship [T.G.]) identify some of the top hot off the press articles recently published.

The following are some of the new publications we found most interesting or noteworthy in February of 2019…

1. Efficacy and Safety of IV-to-Oral Lefamulin, a Pleuromutilin Antibiotic, for Treatment of Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia: The Phase 3 LEAP 1 Trial | CID

https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/cid/ciz090/5306243?redirectedFrom=fulltext

The LEAP 1 RCT showed that lefamulin was non-inferior to moxifloxacin for the primary efficacy endpoints and was generally safe and well tolerated.

2. Omadacycline for Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia | NEJM

https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1800201?query=featured_home

The OPTIC RTC showed that omadacycline was non-inferior to moxifloxacin for the treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in adults.

3. Omadacycline for Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin-Structure Infections | NEJM

https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1800170?query=featured_home

The OASIS-1 RCT showed that Omadacycline was non-inferior to linezolid for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections and had a similar safety profile.

4. Once-Daily Plazomicin for Complicated Urinary Tract Infections | NEJM

https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1801467

The EPIC RCT showed that once-daily plazomicin was non-inferior to meropenem for the treatment of complicated UTIs and acute pyelonephritis caused by Enterobacteriaceae, including multidrug-resistant strains.

5. Conversion from Vancomycin Trough Concentration-Guided Dosing to Area Under the Curve-Guided Dosing Using Two Sample Measurements in Adults: Implementation at an Academic Medical Center | Pharmacotherapy

https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2234

In this prospective observational study, AUC-based dosing using two-point sampling improved therapeutic target attainment compared with a trough concentration-based dosing strategy.

6. Decolonization to Reduce Postdischarge Infection Risk among MRSA Carriers | NEJM

https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1716771

The CLEAR RCT showed post-discharge MRSA decolonization with chlorhexidine and mupirocin for 5 days twice per month for 6 months led to a 30% lower risk of MRSA infection than education alone.

7. Antibiotic treatment duration for bacteremia due to Enterobacteriaceae: A systematic review and meta-analysis | AAC

https://aac.asm.org/content/early/2019/02/21/AAC.02495-18

In this systematic review, short (<10 days) and long-course antibiotic (>10 days) treatment did not differ significantly in terms of clinical outcomes in patients with bacteremia due to Enterobacteriaceae.